Precious metal facts


KARAT MARK/GOLD PERCENT
KARAT MARK GOLD PERCENT
10K .416
14K .585
18K .750
22K .916
24K 100% PURE
 

GOLD FACTS

1. GOLD'S CHEMICAL SYMBOL IS AU.
2. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF GOLD MINED IN THE U.S. WILL MAKE A CUBE MEASURING A LITTLE MORE THAN 50 FEET ON EACH SIDE.
3. ONE CUBIC FOOT OF GOLD WOULD WEIGH APPROX 14 HUNDRED POUNDS OR 16,800 TROY OUNCES
4. GOLDS SPECIFIC GRAVITY, A DENSITY MEASUREMENT, IS 19.3 THIS MEANS GOLD IS 19.3 TIMES HEAVIER THAN WATER.
5. GOLD IS VERY SOFT, MEASURING 2.5 ON THE MHO SCALE, WHILE TALC IS AT 1 AND A DIAMOND AT 10.
6. GOLD IS VERY DUCTILE AND MALLEABLE, CAPABLE OF ONE OUNCE BEING STRETCHED FOR 60 MILES, AND GOLD LEAF BEING FLATTENED TO 1/300 OF AN INCH.

DWT/OZ TABLE
DWT OUNCES
2 .10
4 .20
6 .30
8 .40
10 .50
20 1 OUNCE
 
PENNYWEIGHT IS ABBREVIATED DWT, AND (GRAMS X .643 = DWT),  20DWT = ONE OUNCE

TO FIND GOLD CONTENT AND DOLLAR VALUE OF A GOLD RING, USE THE FOLLOWING FORMULA:
KARAT DIVIDED BY 24, MULTIPLIED BY SPOT PRICE, AND DIVIDED BY 20 EQUALS THE PRICE PER PENNYWEIGHT.
EXAMPLE: 14K DIVIDED BY 24 EQUALS .583
.583 MULTIPLIED BY $363 (SPOT PRICE) EQUALS $212.80
$212.80 DIVIDED BY 20 EQUALS $10.64 (PRICE PER PENNYWEIGHT)
PRICE PER PENNYWEIGHT MULTIPLIED BY RING'S WEIGHT (MINUS STONES) IS THE SCRAP GOLD PRICE FOR THE RING

GOLD/SILVER WEIGHT CONVERSION TABLE
COLUMN GRAIN GRAM DWT TROY OZ TROY LB TROY OZ AV LB AV KARAT
GRAIN 1.0 0.06479 0.041667 0.00208333 0.00017 0.0022887 0.0001428 0.3240
GRAM 15.4324 1.0 0.6479 0.03215 0.0027 0.03527 0.002205 5.0
DWT. TROY 24.0 1.5517 1.0 0.05 0.00416 0.0548571 0.0034285 7.7755
OZ. TROY 480.0 31.10346 20.0 1.0 0.0833 1.09714 0.06857 155.51
LB. TROY 5780.0 373.241 240.0 12.0 1.0 13.1657 0.82286 1866.12
OZ. AV. 437.0 28.3495 18.2297 0.9114883 0.07595 1.0 0.0625 141.75
LB. AV. 7000.0 453.592 291.667 14.5833 1.21107 16.0 1.0 2267.96
KARAT 3.168 0.20 0.03215 0.0064304 0.000536 0.007055 0.000441 1.0
 
Abbreviations Av.=Avoirdupois, DWT = Pennyweight, LB=Pound, OZ= Ounce
 
SILVER CONTENT OF SILVER COINS
COIN YEAR AMOUNT OF SILVER
DIME 1853-1964 .07234oz.
QUARTER 1853-1964 .18084 oz
HALF 1853-1964 .36169 oz
HALF 1965-1970 .14792oz
DOLLAR 1840-1935 .77344oz
Coins manufactured prior to 1853 contained slightly less than 90% silver

TO DETERMINE THE SILVER VALUE OF A COIN, MULTIPLY THE AMOUNT OF SILVER BY THE CURRENT PRICE

SILVER FACTS

1. SILVER'S CHEMICAL SYMBOL IS AG.
2. IT CAN BE HAMMERED OUT INTO SHEETS SO THIN THAT IT WOULD TAKE 100,000 OF THEM TO MAKE A STACH AN INCH HIGH. THESE SHEETS ARE SO THIN THAT LIGHT SHINES THROUGH THEM, SILVER CAN BE DRAWN INTO WIRES THAT ARE FINER THAN A HUMAN HAIR. IT IS THE BEST CONDUCTOR OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY AMONG THE METALS.
3. THE ATOMIC WEIGHT OF SILVER IS 107.870, AND ITS ATOMIC NUMBER IS 47. SILVER MELTS AT A TEMPERATURE OF 1761 DEGREES F. OR 960 DEGREES C. SILVER HAS A SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF 10.5. WHEN MELTED, SILVER CAN ABSORB AS MUCH AS 20 TIMES ITS OWN VOLUME OF OXYGEN
4. PURE SILVER IS TOO SOFT TO STAND UP UNDER CONSTANT WEAR, IT IS USUALLY MIXED WITH COPPER TO FORM AN ALLOY BEFORE IT IS MADE INTO COMMERCIAL ARTICLES
5. SILVER COINS IN THE U.S. USED TO BE MADE OF 90% SILVER AND 10% COPPER. BUT, IN 1965, CONGRESS PASSED A BILL TO ELIMINATE ALL SILVER FROM NEW DIMES AND QUARTERS, AND TO REDUCE THE SILVER IN NEW HALF DOLLARS FROM 90% TO 40%
6. UNTIL THE COINAGE ACT OF 1920, BRITISH COINS WERE 92 1/2 PERCENT SILVER AND 7 1/2 PERCENT COPPER. THE 1920 ACT REDUCED THE SILVER CONTENT TO 50 PER CENT. THE 1946 ACT ELIMINATED ALL SILVER IN BRITISH COINS. THEY ARE NOW MADE OF A COPPER NICKEL ALLOW
7. STERLING SILVER CONTAINS AS MUCH OR MORE SILVER AS BRITISH COINS DID. THE WORD STERLING HAS BEEN USED TO MEAN HIGH QUALITY SILVER SINCE THE 1200'S
8. SILVER ITEMS MARKED STERLING MEANS THEY CONTAIN AT LEAST 92.5% SILVER, SOME JEWELRY, ESPECIALLY SOME OF FOREIGN MAKE, MAY BE MARKED .925, INSTEAD OF THE WORD STERLING.
9. SILVER PLATE IS MADE BY COATING BASE METALS WITH PURE SILVER OR SILVER ALLOY BY ELECTROLYSIS. SILVER PLATE, BEING A LOT LESS EXPENSIVE THAN PURE SILVER, IS MORE WIDELY USED FOR TABLEWARE.
10. SILVER IS NOT CHANGED BY MOISTURE, DRYNESS, ALKALI, OR VEGETABLE OILS, BUT SULFUR, WILL CAUSE SILVER TO TURN BLACK

JEWELRY ABBREVIATIONS

GP-----GOLD PLATED

GF-----GOLD FILLED

HGE-----HEAVY GOLD ELECTROPLATE

14K-----RANGES FROM 12K UP

14KP-----14 PLUMB-----14/24 PURE (.585 PURE)
 
PLUMB IS USED TO GUARANTEE GOLD CONTENT IS NOT LESS THAN SHOWN
 
CUBIC ZIRCONIUM IS GENERALLY USED IN 10K JEWELRY
 
DIAMONDS ARE GENERALLY USED IN 14K AND ABOVE
 
SOME EUROPEAN COUNTRIES USE THE NUMBER SYSTEM IN PLACE OF KARATS, THUS, A RING MARKED .750 IS 18 KARAT, ONE MARKED .585 IS 14 KARAT, ETC.

GOLD IN JEWELRY

GOLD WASH-----GOLD DEPOSITS WITH A THICKNESS FROM 2 TO 5 MILLIONTH OF AN INCH

GOLD PLATING-----DEPOSITS WITH A MINIMUM THICKNESS OF 7 MILLIONTH OF AN INCH

GOLD INLAYS
-----SOLID PIECES OF GOLD OR GOLD ALLOY ATTACHED BY DOVETAILING (USUALLY 14-24 KARAT)

GOLD LEAF-----GOLD LEAF IS VERY THIN, 3-4 MILLIONTH OF AN INCH, MADE SO BY FLATTENING UNDER PRESSURE. CAN BE HAMMERED THIN ENOUGH TO TRANSMIT LIGHT

GOLD FILLING-----REFERS TO A BASE METAL SUCH AS NICKEL THAT HAS GOLD SHEET ATTACHED BY SOLDERING OR SOME OTHER MEANS. GOLD FILLED WAS ONCE COMMONLY USED IN WATCH CASES

HEAVY GOLD PLATE-----A FILM OF FINE GOLD PLATED TO OTHER METALS TO A THICKNESS OF AT LEAST 100 MILLIONTH OF AN INCH.

ROLLED GOLD-----A LAYER OF PLATING, OF 10 KARAT OR BETTER, MECHANICALLY BONDED TO A BASE METAL. GOLD CONTENT MAY BE LESS THEN 1/20TH TOTAL WEIGHT